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Taisia Kirillovna Afonina ((ロシア語:''Таи́сия Кири́лловна Афо́нина''); May 13, 1913 in Nikolaev, Russian Empire – April 19, 1994 in Saint Petersburg, Russia) - Soviet, Russian painter and watercolorist, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the ''Saint Petersburg Union of Artists'' (before 1992 - the ''Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation''),〔''Directory of Members of the Union of Artists of USSR. Vol.1.'' Moscow, Soviet artist, 1979. P.71.〕 regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the ''Leningrad school of painting''.〔''Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School.'' Saint Petersburg, NP-Print Edition, 2007. P.9, 20, 21, 356, 387, 388, 390, 392-395, 398, 400, 404, 405.〕 == Biography == Taisia Kirillovna Afonina was born May 13, 1913 in the city ''Nikolaev'', in the ''Kherson Governorate'' of the ''Russian Empire'' (present-day Ukraine), in the family of master Shipyard "Navel" (after October Revolution Shipyard named Marty). In 1931 Taisia Afonina graduated from nine-year school in city ''Taganrog'', and came to ''Leningrad'' to obtain art education. In 1932-1936 she engaged first in the evening classes for working youth, then in the preparatory classes at the ''Russian Academy of Arts''. In 1936 after preparatory classes Afonina was adopted at the first course of Painting Department of the ''Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture'', where she studied of Mikhail Bernshtein, Victor Oreshnikov, Pavel Naumov. In 1941 after the beginning the Great Patriotic war Taisia Afonina together with little son and mother evacuated first in city ''Ostashkov'', then in ''Vyshny Volochyok'', then in city ''Lugansk'', Ukrain. In 1943, after the liberation of the German fascists Lugansk, Taisia Afonina involved in rebuilding the city, teaches drawing and painting in Lugansk Art school. In autumn 1943 with a group of artists she rides into city Krasnodon to draw local club before awarding medals to parents died young heroes - members of the underground anti-fascist Komsomol organization named ″Young Guard″. They fought against the Nazi in the occupied city Krasnodon (in the Ukrainian SSR), and them feat become known the whole country. Some later, in 1946, in the May edition of the newspaper of the Academy of Fine Arts ''"For the Socialist Realism"'' Taisa Afonina wrote: ″I saw the pit where they were dumped, the remnants of their bloody clothes, the prison where they were tortured. I talked to their mothers and girlfriends. I wanted to tell, to write about all this, of all their short heroic life″.〔''"For the Socialist Realism".'' Leningrad, Newspaper of the Academy of Arts, 1946, May Edition.〕 In 1946 Afonina graduated from the ''Repin Institute of Arts'' in Igor Grabar personal Art Studio of monumental painting. Her graduate work was a historical painting named ''"Girls of Donbass"'', dedicated to the memory and heroism members of Anti-Fascist underground.〔''Anniversary Directory graduates of Saint Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, Russian Academy of Arts. 1915 - 2005''. Saint Petersburg, Pervotsvet Publishing House, 2007. P.56.〕 After graduation Afonina continues to work in Lugansk and returned to Leningrad in 1952 only. It Lugansk Museum named ''Kliment Voroshilov'' acquired as early as 1943 the first three paintings by Taisia Afonina: ''"The Germans came"'', ''"Stealing in Germany"'', and ''"Meeting"''. Later her paintings purchased Art museums of ''Leningrad'', ''Kostroma'', ''Krasnodon'', ''Staraya Ladoga'', the ''Museum of Modern Art'' in Paris. Her first participation in the Art exhibition was in 1940. Since the beginning of 1950s she was constantly involved in art exhibitions of Leningrad artists. She painted landscapes, still lifes, portraits, and genre compositions. She worked in oil painting and watercolors and was most famous as a master of landscape and still-life painting. In 1946 Taisia Afonina was admitted to the ''Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists''.〔''Directory of members of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation''. Leningrad, Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1987. P.9.〕 In the first years after graduation Taisia Afonin attracts military subjects and pathos revival. Later in 1950-60 she more work in genre of portrait and lyrical landscape. In the 1950s she visited Ukraine, Carpathians, Meshchersky locations, where she painted a lot of studies from the life. For her works typical method of tonal painting, the interest to transfer effect of lights and plain air, and subtle coloristic relations. Among her works are such paintings as ''"Foundry Conveyor"'' (1947), ''"Portrait of Kizilshtein-Mikhailova"'' (1955), ''"Windy Day"''〔''Осенняя выставка произведений ленинградских художников 1956 года. Каталог.'' Л., Ленинградский художник, 1958. С.6.〕 (1956), ''"Close to Ryazan"''〔''Осенняя выставка произведений ленинградских художников 1958 года. Каталог.'' Л., Художник РСФСР, 1959. С.6.〕 (1958), ''"Spring"'', ''"A Light-Blue Night"'', ''"After the Rain"'',〔''Выставка произведений ленинградских художников 1960 года. Каталог''. Л., Художник РСФСР, 1961. С.8.〕 ''"At the Old Tuchkov Bridge"''〔''Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School.'' Saint Petersburg, NP-Print Edition, 2007. P.324.〕 (all 1959), ''"On the Zhdanovka River in Leningrad"''〔''Выставка произведений ленинградских художников 1960 года. Каталог''. Л., Художник РСФСР, 1963. С.7.〕 (1960), ''"Chinese student"''〔''Выставка произведений ленинградских художников 1961 года. Каталог''. Л., Художник РСФСР, 1964. С.8.〕 (1961), ''"Still-life with Pussy-Willows"'',〔''Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School.'' Saint Petersburg, NP-Print Edition, 2007. P.64.〕 ''"Portrait of poet Olga Bergholz"'', ''"Marinka"'',〔''Ленинград. Зональная выставка 1964 года. Каталог''. Л, Художник РСФСР, 1965. C.8.〕 ''"Briar"''〔''Каталог весенней выставки произведений ленинградских художников 1965 года.'' Л., Художник РСФСР, 1970. С.7.〕 (all 1964), ''"Portrait A. Grebenuk"'',〔''Наш современник. Зональная выставка произведений ленинградских художников 1975 года. Каталог''. Л., Художник РСФСР, 1980. C.11.〕 ''"Portrait of an entomologist S. Keleynikova"''〔''Портрет современника. Пятая выставка произведений ленинградских художников 1976 года. Каталог.'' Л., Художник РСФСР, 1983. С.6.〕 (both 1975), ''"Portrait of a Korean woman Tamara"''〔''Autumn Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1978. Exhibition Catalogue.'' - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1983. P.5.〕 (1977), ''"Portrait of writer Nikolai Tikhonov"''〔''Зональная выставка произведений ленинградских художников 1980 года. Каталог''. Л., Художник РСФСР, 1983. C.9.〕 (1980), and others. Taisia Kirillovna Afonina died on April 19, 1994, in Saint Petersburg at the eightieth year of life. Her paintings reside in Art museums and private collections in Russia,〔''Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School.''- Saint Petersburg: NP-Print Edition, 2007. – p.6-7.〕 Finland, USA, Germane, England, France,〔''Peinture Russe. Catalogue.'' - Paris: Drouot Richelieu, 24 Septembre 1991. p.43-44.〕 and others. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Taisia Afonina」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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